What did y'all do over break?

• 🎉🏀
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Announcements

Example lab 5

• Corner of Limestone and Avenue of Champions: Esports Theater on University of Kentucky’s campus page

Pauer Cartography Award

• Submissions are open!
• Cash prize
• Traditional cartography, 3D mapping, and web maps
• Let me know if you want to submit.

Geography Enrichment Award

• Want to explore a mapping and GIS topic in more detail?
• Get paid to explore this topic!
• Let me know if you if you are interested.

KAMP Conference

• Kentucky Association of Mapping Professionals
• annual conference in Louisville.
• Scholarships available.

Module goals

• Test our maps.
• 3D visualizations like this one on Instagram or this web viewer.
• Python to process data.
• Final project theme?

Actual field trip to

Campus!

38.03833, -84.50442

Virtual field trip to

Chained Rock

36.75348,-83.69781

Lidar

(Light Detection and Ranging)

Lidar

• Active sensor
• with multiple returns and attributes.
• Creates a point cloud (massively sampled locations).

Point cloud attributes

• x, y, z position
• time
• intensity of return
• Custom algorithms classify point

Airborne lidar

• Massive sampling of earth's surface by plane.
• Uses GPS and IMU (inertia measurement unit) to map point.
• While can penetrate canopy, cannot 'see' under solid structures.
• I.e., cannot see under our arches, bridges, overhangs.

Terrestrial lidar

• Ground-based sampling.
• Can build true 3D model, e.g., see under and inside.
• Increasingly available in consumer products.

Airborne + Terrestrial 🤯

• The most detailed model of our environment that has ever been made. Hi, digital twin!
• Who's collecting data?
  • Your car, phone, computer, etc.
• Benefits/problems
  • VR and AR experiences in real places.
  • You're measured.
  • Hey, your living room could fit this new chair!

Lidar challenge

• Massive file size
• State divided into 46,105 tiles
• with one tile ~ 500 MB.
• Difficult to visualize (today).
• How to handle these file sizes?

Python

• Code most of the processing in ArcPy
• to output raster derivatives
• and browser optimized point clouds using video game technology.

Applications

• Abundant uses of lidar justify the technology
• and our careful workflow.
• What use might you discover?

Elevation

• The most detailed, comprehensive digital elevation model of our environment that has ever been made,
• including underwater.
• Flooding, landslides, geological hazards, etc.

Archeology

• New detail at archeological sites.
• Lidar can penetrate dense canopy
• and reveal details about past built environments.
• Ancient Mayan cities

Trees!

• Above ground features captured, like vegetation,
• to model biomass, carbon, etc.
• Also used in precision agriculture.
• Delineating tree crowns in forest

Buildings!

• What can you do with a detailed model of a city?
• Reduce greenhouse emissions?
• Put solar panels on buildings with most insolation.
• Sanborn lidar NYC

Kentucky project

• Kentucky Aerial Photography & Elevation Data (KYAPED) program
• Collected during leaf-off conditions
  • no snow and water levels at or below normal.
• Point cloud has max 2.23-foot horizontal spacing.
• Access data in 5k ft x 5k ft tiles, 100–500 MB.
• Includes high-resolution aerial imagery.

Goals

• Create high-resolution elevation products for bare-earth conditions.
• Statewide 5-ft and 2-ft resolution DEMs are now available.
• Collected 2010–2023
• Two phases show different times.
• Completely free.

Classification

• Algorithms classify point.
• Need to filter for ground points.
• All (non-noise) points give us above-ground feature height.

QC/QA

• Heads-up digitizing to enforce hydro rule
  • Classify bridges and noise.
• Field measurements to verify accuracy
  • Most measurements within .2 ft

In-class activity

• Explore lidar point cloud in ArcGIS Pro

Preparation

• Run the downloads.ipynb script in the repository's application folder.

Data location

• LAS file format
  • Laser format most common in GIS
• LAZ file format
  • A compressed LAS file
  • Most common storage format
  • Need a separate utility to decompress and use in ArcGIS Pro.
    • laszip.exe include in our tools folder

Data location

• Explore tiles and download data
  • KyFromAbove site

Download

• Create a folder in your root GIS folder called
  • lidar
• In that folder, create a folder called
  • download
• Download two adjacent tiles to that folder
  • Make sure they are the same Phase, i.e., same version.

Decompress

• Drag and drop the LAZ file, one by one, onto the laszip.exe application
• Verify that you have two LAS files.

Create LAS dataset

• Treat multiple tiles as a single layer.
• Enter Python and the Lesson-05.ipynb

Point cloud Derivatives

DEM

• Digital Elevation Model
• Most often bare-earth surface
• Point cloud class code 2

DSM

• Digital Surface Model
• Includes the reflected surface
  • buildings, trees, bridges, etc.
• Point cloud class codes 1, 2, 9, 17

Steps in model creation

• Filter point cloud
• Make LAS dataset layer (temporary)
• Rasterize LAS dataset layer

Create elevation surface

• In an ArcGIS Pro Local Scene
• drag the elevation layer to
• Elevation Surfaces > Ground

Colorize point cloud

• Apply color from overlapping imagery.
• Can create realistic view of area of interest.
• Creates new LAS files
  • Doubling your project size.

Load imagery

• Connect Kentucky ArcGIS Server
• https://kyraster.ky.gov/arcgis/services
• Add server to new ArcGIS Pro projects

Application

Explore 3D Kentucky

Application steps

1. Start in lesson
2. Run notebook to process data (a few times to practice)
3. Start with a small buffer distance, e.g. < 1000 feet
4. Design 3D map and animation

Publish

1. to the world
2. with an image and a video animation.
3. Practice making a web page?

STOP